Code C0545 on the 2022 Chevrolet Equinox indicates a fault in the steering torque sensor circuit. This sensor measures the force being applied to the steering wheel by the driver, serving as the primary input for the electric power steering system's assist calculations.
Torque Sensor Function
The steering torque sensor consists of a torsion bar with strain gauges or magnetic elements that measure twist in the steering column as you turn the wheel. This twist represents your steering effort. The EPS system uses this measurement to determine how much electric motor assist to provide - more effort from you triggers more assist from the motor.
Symptoms Experienced
With C0545 active, the power steering warning light illuminates and you'll likely notice significant changes in steering effort. The EPS system may default to a reduced-assist mode or disable assist entirely, making steering very heavy. Some vehicles may experience intermittent assist - normal one moment, heavy the next.
Diagnostic Approach
The torque sensor is typically integrated into the EPS motor assembly on the steering column. Check the connector for proper seating and corrosion. Monitor torque sensor live data through a scanner - the value should smoothly increase and decrease as you apply and release steering effort. Erratic readings or stuck values indicate sensor problems.
Repair Considerations
If the torque sensor has failed, it's often integrated into the EPS motor assembly and requires replacing the complete unit. Some designs allow separate sensor replacement. After any EPS component replacement, calibration of the torque sensor zero point is required using GM diagnostic equipment.